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    华琴主页 >> 文章 >> 教育反思 >> 浏览信息《充分利用书中习题,生成新的学习资源》

    教育反思 | 评论(1) | 阅读(1804)
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    星期日   晴天 
    主题 充分利用书中习题,生成新的学习资源

    充分利用书中习题,生成新的学习资源

     

    六上第二单元《长方体和正方体》之整理与练习的思考题如下:

     

        把一个六面都涂上颜色的正方体木块,切成64块大小相同的小正方体,(图略)

     

    1)三面涂色的小正方体有多少块?

     

    2)两面涂色的小正方体有多少块?

     

    3)一面涂色的小正方体有多少块?

     

        我在教学时,采用逐题出示,逐题解决的方法组织教学。先出示第(1)个问题,引导学生观察图并思考:什么位置的小正方体三面涂色?学生观察后发现,顶点处的小正方体三面涂色。因为正方体有8个顶点,所以共有8个小正方体三面涂色。

     

        再出示第(2)个问题,启发学生观察图并联系第(1)题的解答方法思考:什么位置的小正方体两面涂色?与正方体的什么有关?学生受第(1)题解题方法的影响,发现每条棱中间的2个小正方体是两面涂色的。因为正方体有12条棱,所以共有12×2=24个小正方体两面涂色。

     

        再组织学生利用前面两题的解题经验,独立思考第(3)题,比较顺利的得出:每个面中间的4个小正方体只有1个面涂色,因为正方体有6个面,所以共有4×6=24个小正方体一个面涂色。

     

    到这里,书中的思考题已算解答完毕,但总觉得有哪个问题还没有完善,当“64”再次闯入眼帘时,突然意识到:三面涂色的小正方体的个数+两面涂色的小正方体的个数+一面涂色的小正方体的个数,才是8+24+24=56个,还有64-56=8个小正方体到哪里去了呢?

     

        顺势把这个问题抛给学生,原以为学生会跟我一样,一时不得其解,可学生们却很快解答了这个问题:还有8个小正方体在中间,看不见,原来如此,难怪数目不一致呢!

     

        那么思考题可以再补充一个问题:没有涂色的小正方体有多少块?或者干脆去掉前面3个问题,直接提问:没有涂色的小正方体有多少块?如果题目的问题改变成这样,该怎样解答呢?引导学生从问题入手进行分析,要求没有涂色的小正方体有多少个,可以先求出涂色的小正方体有多少个,而涂色的小正方体又可以分为三类,分别是三面涂色,两面涂色,只有一面涂色。这样分析的结果,把问题又转化成书中思考题所提出的三个问题,以此让学生体会到,通过增加问题或改变问题,只是暂时改变求解的方向,而经过分析,新的问题的求解总能还原为原来题目的求解,所以,掌握一道题目,若能勤于思考,善于总结,往往能够产生举一反三的效果,从而能理解并且掌握一类题目的解法。

     

    华琴 发表于:2011-1-30 11:26:01

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