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    华琴主页 >> 文章 >> 教育反思 >> 浏览信息《布里丹驴的启示》

    教育反思 | 评论(2) | 阅读(988)
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    星期五   晴天 
    主题 布里丹驴的启示

    布里丹驴的启示

     

    有一只驴肚子饿了,在它前面有两堆干草,这只驴先比较两堆干草哪堆更多,结论是差不多,又比较哪堆干草更近,更便于取食,结论也是差不多。就这样,它比较来比较去,最终也没能做出选择,自己却饿死了。这则故事就叫做布里丹驴。

     

    布里丹驴惨死的下场带给我们许多的警示和启发,其中最主要的一点就是:有时直觉选择更重要。

     

    例如,在歌唱比赛中,评委亮分往往要求在极短的时间内给出,就容不得评委反复比较,必须做出直觉选择。

     

    所谓直觉,即自觉或不自觉思考时,突然产生的创造性设想,直觉思维具有整体把握,高度创造性,或然性的特点。在教学中具体表现为直觉猜想,直觉洞察,直觉选择,直觉启发、审美。布里丹驴就是犯了逻辑思维至上,以逻辑思维代替直觉选择的错误,以致葬送了性命也没能吃到一根草。

     

    黑格尔曾经说过,存在即合理。直觉思维存在与教学活动中,我们应正视这一点,并在日常教学中加以训练。例如:用同样长的铁丝围成等腰三角形,等边三角形,长方形,圆,哪种图形面积最大?(答案是圆。给出完整的逻辑证明需要较长时间,要能在较短时间内得出答案,依靠直觉做出选择则是行之有效的选择方法),再例如:有二十个连续自然数,中间四个的和是四十二,求总数。直觉告诉我们,可把这二十个自然数分成五分,每份包括四个连续自然数,中间一份连续四个自然数的和是四十二,即这五分的平均数是四十二,所以这五份,也就是二十个自然数的和是:42×5=210。这样的训练题目还有很多,有待于我们去探索和发现。

     

    布里丹驴的故事告诉我们,直觉选择,直觉思维是非常重要的,但并不意味着我们可以不付出任何努力,坐等成功。只有在大量逻辑思维的基础上,才能产生并偶发直觉思维,这是需要我们让学生明白的道理。

     

     

    华琴 发表于:2011-3-18 14:27:00

    评论 

    There are no exceptions to the TIM. There were opposing views on love him because of the price. The popularity and level of detail of the TIM, to some extent on the attitude of people towards salaries and disadvantages that the mbt is based there.
    天命传承者 发表于:2011-4-20 11:14:22

    评论 

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